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Table of political parties in Europe by pancontinental organisation

Political parties and the European Union
Political parties are usually viewed as national organisations which have local and regional branches. However, they may also have an international and/or transnational dimension. Given its immense size, the EU provides opportunities for like-minded parties to cooperate in pursuit of their aims. It also has a considerable impact upon party politics in the member states, providing a whole new set of issues with which politicians have to deal.
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Euro Indictment
The global credit bubble and its bursting during the first decade of the twenty-first century set off a search for the culprits. The investigation is fundamentally historical rather than criminal. The actions and flaws of institutions and individuals are coming under scrutiny. The investigators are also turning to wider social and economic forces which in combination might have been responsible for the disaster.
A search for the causes of economic and financial breakdown has some similarity with the pursuit of the blame for the eruption of war. The analogy is only partial because investigations into the breakdown of peace can lead to indictments of war guilt. The identified person or organisation could be due for punishment (sometimes posthumously in a purely hypothetical court process) for crimes against humanity or lesser charges. Crime and punishment are not at issue in the investigation of the economic debacle.
Foreign & security policy at EU level
Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP)

THE COMMON FOREIGN AND SECURITY POLICY (CFSP)
Under the ToL the intrinsic dualism of the EU’s foreign policy remains in that external action under the TFEU is conducted in accordance with the “EU method” and the CFSP is “subject to specific rules and procedures” (Article 24 TEU), i.e. the intergovernmental method. However, the ToL establishes new institutional arrangements and mechanisms aimed at enhancing the coherence and efficiency of EU external action. Innovations introduced by the ToL aimed at improving the coherence of EU foreign policy.
The main innovations are:
The creation of the post of the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy (HR);
The establishment of the European External Action Service (EEAS);
The ability for the European Council to make determinations of “strategic interests and objectives” for all EU external action;
The creation of the post of the President of the European Council who exercises external representative responsibilities.
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THE EU CHARTER AND ITS APPLICATION AND INTERPRETATION
The EU’s New Human Rights Dimension
Second Permissible Objective: Need to Protect the Rights and Freedoms of Others
Since there are many elements which could constitute ‘general interests’ it would appear that the second objective (rights and freedoms of others) would not become the biggest issue. But the first judgment in this respect shows that it is in particular in personal relationships that this objective might become relevant.77